Apache: Invalid command 'RewriteEngine', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

I was playing with Apache 2.2 lately and I got the following error when using .htaccess:

Invalid command 'RewriteEngine', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

It seems that the rewrite module was not activated. In order to activate it, I used:

# a2enmod rewrite
Enabling module rewrite.
Run '/etc/init.d/apache2 restart' to activate new configuration!